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import strutils
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import os
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import tables
export tables.`[]`
#### Simple string lexer ###
type
PLexer = ref TLexer
TLexer = object
str: string
idx: int
TLexType = enum
tend
tword
tint
tfloat
trange
telipsis
tchar
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toption
tdivider
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proc thisChar(L: PLexer):char = L.str[L.idx]
proc next(L: PLexer) = L.idx += 1
proc skipws(L: PLexer) =
while thisChar(L) in Whitespace: next(L)
proc get(L: PLexer; t: var TLexType): string =
skipws(L)
let c = thisChar(L)
t = tend
if c == '\0': return nil
result = ""
result.add(c)
next(L)
t = tchar
case c
of '-': # '-", "--"
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t = toption
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if thisChar(L) == '-':
result.add('-')
next(L)
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if thisChar(L) == '-': # "---..."
t = tdivider
result.add('-')
while thisChar(L) == '-':
next(L)
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of Letters: # word
t = tword
while thisChar(L) in Letters:
result.add(thisChar(L))
next(L)
of Digits: # number
t = tint
while thisChar(L) in Digits:
result.add(thisChar(L))
next(L)
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = tfloat
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result.add(thisChar(L))
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next(L)
while thisChar(L) in Digits:
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result.add(thisChar(L))
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next(L)
of '.': # ".", "..", "..."
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = trange
result.add('.')
next(L)
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = telipsis
result.add('.')
next(L)
else: discard
proc get(L: PLexer): string =
var t: TLexType
get(L,t)
proc reset(L: PLexer, s: string) =
L.str = s
L.idx = 0
proc newLexer(s: string): PLexer =
new(result)
result.reset(s)
### a container for values ###
type
TValueKind = enum
vInt,
vFloat,
vString,
vBool,
vFile,
vSeq
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PValue* = ref TValue
TValue* = object
case kind*: TValueKind
of vInt: asInt*: int
of vFloat: asFloat*: float
of vString: asString*: string
of vBool: asBool*: bool
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of vFile:
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asFile*: File
fileName*: string
of vSeq: asSeq*: seq[PValue]
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proc boolValue(c: bool): PValue = PValue(kind: vBool, asBool: c)
proc fileValue(f: File, name: string): PValue = PValue(kind: vFile, asFile: f, fileName: name)
proc strValue(s: string): PValue = PValue(kind: vString, asString: s)
proc intValue(v: int): PValue = PValue(kind: vInt, asInt: v)
proc floatValue(v: float): PValue = PValue(kind: vFloat, asFloat: v)
proc seqValue(v: seq[PValue]): PValue = PValue(kind: vSeq, asSeq: v)
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type
PSpec = ref TSpec
TSpec = object
defVal: string
ptype: string
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group: int
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needsValue, multiple, used: bool
var
progname, usage: string
aliases: array[char,string]
parm_spec = initTable[string,PSpec]()
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proc fail(msg: string) =
stderr.writeln(progname & ": " & msg)
quit(usage)
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proc parseSpec(u: string) =
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var
L: PLexer
tok: string
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groupCounter: int
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k = 1
let lines = u.splitLines
L = newLexer(lines[0])
progname = L.get
usage = u
for line in lines[1..(-1)]:
var
isarg = false
multiple = false
getnext = true
name: string
alias: char
L.reset(line)
tok = L.get
if tok == "-" or tok == "--": # flag
if tok == "-": #short flag
let flag = L.get
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if len(flag) != 1: fail("short option has one character!")
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tok = L.get
if tok == ",": # which is alias for long flag
tok = L.get
if tok != "--": fail("expecting long --flag")
name = L.get
alias = flag[0]
else: # only short flag
name = flag
alias = flag[0]
getnext = false
else: # only long flag
name = L.get
alias = '\0'
elif tok == "<": # argument
isarg = true
name = L.get
alias = chr(k)
k += 1
tok = L.get
if tok != ">": fail("argument must be enclosed in <...>")
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elif tok == "---": # divider
inc(groupCounter)
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if getnext: tok = L.get
if tok == ":": # allowed to have colon after flags
tok = L.get
if tok == nil: continue
# default types for flags and arguments
var
ftype = if isarg: "string" else: "bool"
defValue = ""
if tok == "(": # typed flag/argument
var t = tchar
tok = L.get(t)
if tok == "default": # type from default value
defValue = L.get(t)
if t == tint: ftype = "int"
elif t == tfloat: ftype = "float"
elif t == tword:
if defValue == "stdin": ftype = "infile"
elif defValue == "stdout": ftype = "outfile"
else: ftype = "string"
else: fail("unknown default value " & tok)
else: # explicit type
if t == tword:
ftype = tok
if tok == "bool": defValue = "false"
else: fail("unknown type " & tok)
discard L.get(t)
multiple = t == telipsis
elif ftype == "bool": # no type or default
defValue = "false"
if name != nil:
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#echo("Param: " & name & " type: " & $ftype & " group: " & $groupCounter & " needsvalue: " & $(ftype != "bool") & " default: " & $defValue & " multiple: " & $multiple)
let spec = PSpec(defVal:defValue, ptype: ftype, group: groupCounter, needsValue: ftype != "bool",multiple:multiple)
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aliases[alias] = name
parm_spec[name] = spec
proc tail(s: string): string = s[1..(-1)]
var
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files = newSeq[File]()
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proc closeFiles() {.noconv.} =
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for f in files:
f.close()
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proc parseArguments*(usage: string, args: seq[string]): Table[string,PValue] =
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var
vars = initTable[string,PValue]()
n = len(args) - 1
i = 1
k = 1
flag,value, arg: string
info: PSpec
short: bool
flagvalues: seq[seq[string]]
proc next(): string =
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if i > n: fail("an option required a value!")
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result = args[i]
i += 1
proc get_alias(c: char): string =
result = aliases[c]
if result == nil:
n = ord(c)
if n < 20:
fail("no such argument: " & $n)
else:
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fail("no such option: " & c)
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proc get_spec(name: string): PSpec =
result = parm_spec[name]
if result == nil:
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fail("no such option: " & name)
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newSeq(flagvalues, 0)
parseSpec(usage)
addQuitProc(closeFiles)
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# Collect failures
var failures = newSeq[string]()
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# parse the flags and arguments
while i <= n:
arg = next()
if arg[0] == '-': #flag
short = arg[1] != '-'
arg = arg.tail
if short: # all short args are aliases, even if only to themselves
flag = get_alias(arg[0])
else:
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flag = arg[1..high(arg)]
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info = get_spec(flag)
if info.needsValue:
if short and len(arg) > 1: # value can follow short flag
value = arg.tail
else: # grab next argument
value = next()
else:
value = "true"
if short and len(arg) > 0: # short flags can be combined
for c in arg.tail:
let f = get_alias(c)
let i = get_spec(f)
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if i.needsValue:
failures.add("option " & f & " needs a value")
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flagvalues.add(@[f,"true"])
i.used = true
else: # argument (stored as \001, \002, etc
flag = get_alias(chr(k))
value = arg
info = get_spec(flag)
# don't move on if this is a varags last param
if not info.multiple: k += 1
flagvalues.add(@[flag,value])
info.used = true
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# Some options disables checking
var enableChecks = true
for flag,info in parm_spec:
if info.used:
if flag == "help" or flag == "version":
enableChecks = false
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# Check maximum group used
var maxGroup = 0
for item in flagvalues:
info = get_spec(item[0])
if maxGroup < info.group:
maxGroup = info.group
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# any flags not mentioned?
for flag,info in parm_spec:
if not info.used:
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# Is there no default and we have used options in this group?
if info.defVal == "" and info.group <= maxGroup:
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failures.add("required option or argument missing: " & flag)
else:
flagvalues.add(@[flag,info.defVal])
if enableChecks:
# any failures up until now - then we fail
if failures.len > 0:
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fail(failures.join("\n") & "\n")
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# cool, we have the info, can convert known flags
for item in flagvalues:
var pval: PValue;
let
flag = item[0]
value = item[1]
info = get_spec(flag)
case info.ptype
of "int":
var v: int
try:
v = value.parseInt
except:
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fail("bad integer for " & flag)
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pval = intValue(v)
of "float":
var v: float
try:
v = value.parseFloat
except:
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fail("bad float for " & flag)
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pval = floatValue(v)
of "bool":
pval = boolValue(value.parseBool)
of "string":
pval = strValue(value)
of "infile","outfile": # we open files for the app...
var f: File
try:
if info.ptype == "infile":
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if value == "stdin":
f = stdin
else:
f = open(value, fmRead)
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else:
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if value == "stdout":
f = stdout
else:
f = open(value, fmWrite)
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# they will be closed automatically on program exit
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files.add(f)
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except:
fail("cannot open " & value)
pval = fileValue(f,value)
else: discard
var oval = vars[flag]
if info.multiple: # multiple flags are sequence values
if oval == nil: # first value!
pval = seqValue(@[pval])
else: # just add to existing sequence
oval.asSeq.add(pval)
pval = oval
elif oval != nil: # cannot repeat a single flag!
fail("cannot use '" & flag & "' more than once")
vars[flag] = pval
return vars
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proc parse*(usage: string): Table[string,PValue] =
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var
args: seq[string]
n = paramCount()
newSeq(args,n+1)
for i in 0..n:
args[i] = paramStr(i)
return parseArguments(usage,args)
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# Helper proc for verbosity level.
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proc verbosityLevel*(args: Table[string,PValue]): int =
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if args.hasKey("verbose"):
let verbosity = args["verbose"].asSeq
result = verbosity.len
if not verbosity[0].asBool:
result = 0
else:
result = 0
# Helper to check if we should show version
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proc showVersion*(args: Table[string,PValue]): bool =
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args["version"].asBool
# Helper to check if we should show help
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proc showHelp*(args: Table[string,PValue]): bool =
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args["help"].asBool
# Typical usage
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when isMainModule:
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let help = """
head [flags] files... [out]
-h,--help Show this help
--version Show version
-n: (default 10) Number of lines to show
-v,--verbose: (bool...) Verbosity level, ignored
-o,--out: (default stdout) Optional outfile, defaults to stdout
<files>: (default stdin...) Files to take head of
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"""
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# On parsing failure this will show usage automatically
var args = parse(help)
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# These two are special, they short out
if args.showHelp: quit(help)
if args.showVersion: quit("Version: 1.99")
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# Ok, so what did we get...
let n = args["n"].asInt
# This one is a helper
let v = verbosityLevel(args)
echo "Lines to show: " & $n
echo "Verbosity level: " & $verbosityLevel(args)
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let myfiles = args["files"].asSeq
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var outFile = args["out"].asFile
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for f in myfiles:
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for i in 1..n:
writeln(outFile, string(f.asFile.readLine()))
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