lapp.nim
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import strutils
from os import paramCount, paramStr
import tables
export tables.`[]`
#### Simple string lexer ###
type
PLexer = ref TLexer
TLexer = object
str: string
idx: int
TLexType = enum
tend
tword
tint
tfloat
trange
telipsis
tchar
proc thisChar(L: PLexer):char = L.str[L.idx]
proc next(L: PLexer) = L.idx += 1
proc skipws(L: PLexer) =
while thisChar(L) in Whitespace: next(L)
proc get(L: PLexer; t: var TLexType): string =
skipws(L)
let c = thisChar(L)
t = tend
if c == '\0': return nil
result = ""
result.add(c)
next(L)
t = tchar
case c
of '-': # '-", "--"
if thisChar(L) == '-':
result.add('-')
next(L)
of Letters: # word
t = tword
while thisChar(L) in Letters:
result.add(thisChar(L))
next(L)
of Digits: # number
t = tint
while thisChar(L) in Digits:
result.add(thisChar(L))
next(L)
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = tfloat
result.add(c)
next(L)
while thisChar(L) in Digits:
result.add(c)
next(L)
of '.': # ".", "..", "..."
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = trange
result.add('.')
next(L)
if thisChar(L) == '.':
t = telipsis
result.add('.')
next(L)
else: discard
proc get(L: PLexer): string =
var t: TLexType
get(L,t)
proc reset(L: PLexer, s: string) =
L.str = s
L.idx = 0
proc newLexer(s: string): PLexer =
new(result)
result.reset(s)
### a container for values ###
type
TValueKind = enum
vInt,
vFloat,
vString,
vBool,
vFile,
vSeq
PValue = ref TValue
TValue = object
case kind: TValueKind
of vInt: asInt *: int
of vFloat: asFloat *: float
of vString: asString *: string
of vBool: asBool *: bool
of vFile:
asFile *: File
fileName *: string
of vSeq: asSeq *: seq[PValue]
proc boolValue(c: bool): PValue = PValue(kind: vBool, asBool: c)
proc fileValue(f: File, name: string): PValue = PValue(kind: vFile, asFile: f, fileName: name)
proc strValue(s: string): PValue = PValue(kind: vString, asString: s)
proc intValue(v: int): PValue = PValue(kind: vInt, asInt: v)
proc floatValue(v: float): PValue = PValue(kind: vFloat, asFloat: v)
proc seqValue(v: seq[PValue]): PValue = PValue(kind: vSeq, asSeq: v)
const MAX_FILES = 30
type
PSpec = ref TSpec
TSpec = object
defVal: string
ptype: string
needsValue, multiple, used: bool
var
progname, usage: string
aliases: array[char,string]
parm_spec = initTable[string,PSpec]()
proc fail(msg: string) =
stderr.writeln(progname & ": " & msg)
quit(usage)
proc parseSpec(u: string) =
var
L: PLexer
tok: string
k = 1
let lines = u.splitLines
L = newLexer(lines[0])
progname = L.get
usage = u
for line in lines[1..(-1)]:
var
isarg = false
multiple = false
getnext = true
name: string
alias: char
L.reset(line)
tok = L.get
if tok == "-" or tok == "--": # flag
if tok == "-": #short flag
let flag = L.get
if len(flag) != 1: fail("short option has one character!")
tok = L.get
if tok == ",": # which is alias for long flag
tok = L.get
if tok != "--": fail("expecting long --flag")
name = L.get
alias = flag[0]
else: # only short flag
name = flag
alias = flag[0]
getnext = false
else: # only long flag
name = L.get
alias = '\0'
elif tok == "<": # argument
isarg = true
name = L.get
alias = chr(k)
k += 1
tok = L.get
if tok != ">": fail("argument must be enclosed in <...>")
if getnext: tok = L.get
if tok == ":": # allowed to have colon after flags
tok = L.get
if tok == nil: continue
# default types for flags and arguments
var
ftype = if isarg: "string" else: "bool"
defValue = ""
if tok == "(": # typed flag/argument
var t = tchar
tok = L.get(t)
if tok == "default": # type from default value
defValue = L.get(t)
if t == tint: ftype = "int"
elif t == tfloat: ftype = "float"
elif t == tword:
if defValue == "stdin": ftype = "infile"
elif defValue == "stdout": ftype = "outfile"
else: ftype = "string"
else: fail("unknown default value " & tok)
else: # explicit type
if t == tword:
ftype = tok
if tok == "bool": defValue = "false"
else: fail("unknown type " & tok)
discard L.get(t)
multiple = t == telipsis
elif ftype == "bool": # no type or default
defValue = "false"
if name != nil:
let spec = PSpec(defVal:defValue, ptype: ftype, needsValue: ftype != "bool",multiple:multiple)
aliases[alias] = name
parm_spec[name] = spec
proc tail(s: string): string = s[1..(-1)]
var
files: array[1..MAX_FILES,File]
nfiles = 0
proc closeFiles() {.noconv.} =
if nfiles == 0: return
for i in 1..nfiles: files[i].close()
proc parseArguments(usage: string, args: seq[string]): Table[string,PValue] =
var
vars = initTable[string,PValue]()
n = len(args) - 1
i = 1
k = 1
flag,value, arg: string
info: PSpec
short: bool
flagvalues: seq[seq[string]]
proc next(): string =
if i > n: fail("an option required a value!")
result = args[i]
i += 1
proc get_alias(c: char): string =
result = aliases[c]
if result == nil:
n = ord(c)
if n < 20:
fail("no such argument: " & $n)
else:
fail("no such option: " & c)
proc get_spec(name: string): PSpec =
result = parm_spec[name]
if result == nil:
fail("no such option: " & name)
newSeq(flagvalues, 0)
parseSpec(usage)
addQuitProc(closeFiles)
# parse the flags and arguments
while i <= n:
arg = next()
if arg[0] == '-': #flag
short = arg[1] != '-'
arg = arg.tail
if short: # all short args are aliases, even if only to themselves
flag = get_alias(arg[0])
else:
flag = arg[1..high(arg)]
info = get_spec(flag)
if info.needsValue:
if short and len(arg) > 1: # value can follow short flag
value = arg.tail
else: # grab next argument
value = next()
else:
value = "true"
if short and len(arg) > 0: # short flags can be combined
for c in arg.tail:
let f = get_alias(c)
let i = get_spec(f)
if i.needsValue: fail("needs value! " & f)
flagvalues.add(@[f,"true"])
i.used = true
else: # argument (stored as \001, \002, etc
flag = get_alias(chr(k))
value = arg
info = get_spec(flag)
# don't move on if this is a varags last param
if not info.multiple: k += 1
flagvalues.add(@[flag,value])
info.used = true
# any flags not mentioned?
for flag,info in parm_spec:
if not info.used:
if info.defVal == "": # no default!
fail("required option or argument missing: " & flag)
flagvalues.add(@[flag,info.defVal])
# cool, we have the info, can convert known flags
for item in flagvalues:
var pval: PValue;
let
flag = item[0]
value = item[1]
info = get_spec(flag)
case info.ptype
of "int":
var v: int
try:
v = value.parseInt
except:
fail("bad integer")
pval = intValue(v)
of "float":
var v: float
try:
v = value.parseFloat
except:
fail("bad integer")
pval = floatValue(v)
of "bool":
pval = boolValue(value.parseBool)
of "string":
pval = strValue(value)
of "infile","outfile": # we open files for the app...
var f: File
try:
if info.ptype == "infile":
f = if value=="stdin": stdin else: open(value,fmRead)
else:
f = if value=="stdout": stdout else: open(value,fmWrite)
# they will be closed automatically on program exit
nfiles += 1
if nfiles <= MAX_FILES: files[nfiles] = f
except:
fail("cannot open " & value)
pval = fileValue(f,value)
else: discard
var oval = vars[flag]
if info.multiple: # multiple flags are sequence values
if oval == nil: # first value!
pval = seqValue(@[pval])
else: # just add to existing sequence
oval.asSeq.add(pval)
pval = oval
elif oval != nil: # cannot repeat a single flag!
fail("cannot use '" & flag & "' more than once")
vars[flag] = pval
return vars
proc parse*(usage: string): Table[string,PValue] =
var
args: seq[string]
n = paramCount()
newSeq(args,n+1)
for i in 0..n:
args[i] = paramStr(i)
return parseArguments(usage,args)
when isMainModule:
var args = parse"""
head [flags] filename
-n: (default 10) number of lines
-v,--verbose: (bool...) verbosity level
-a,--alpha useless parm
<file>: (default stdin...)
|<out>: (default stdout)
"""
echo args["n"].asInt
echo args["alpha"].asBool
for v in args["verbose"].asSeq:
echo "got ",v.asBool
let myfiles = args["files"].asSeq
for f in myfiles:
echo f.asFile.readLine()